On November 8, 1923, the coup d'état of the brewery is attempted
(Bürgerbräu coup)
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But in order to understand the situation and the conditions, we must first get into the climate of the time.
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After the end of World War I and Germany's defeat, the Kaiser resigned and Germany was declared a de facto republic.
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The founding declaration of the Republic of Germany is signed in Weimar
and since then this period has been called the Weimar Republic.
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after Germany's defeat, the Allies force the defeated to sign the Treaty of Versailles,
so Germany bears all the burdens of the First World War.
(this is where the causes of World War II began)
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the Allies ask the Germans for 33 billion dollars.
is a literally unrealistic amount.
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this demand of the Allies is like asking the German people to make all generations work for endless years as servants of the Westerners...
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The value of the Deutsche Mark literally collapsed.
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until the announcement of the winners' claims, one dollar was equivalent to four marks.
immediately after the exchange rate reached 1 dollar to 75 marks
and in 1922 went 1 dollar = 400 marks
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the Germans asked for a time frame for the execution of the payments in order to find a way to make the payments without collapsing the country's economy.
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but the French rejected the request
and
enter the Ruhr area, which they occupy.
(The Ruhr area was the main industrial region of Germany in the early and mid-20th century.
Most of the factories were located there.)
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but with this they only succeeded in uniting the German people.
The German workers in the Ruhr area declared a general strike, which was supported in every way by the German government.
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But the collapse of the German economy after that was also rapid.
at the end of 1922 there were 18,000 marks to the dollar,
in July 1923 the exchange rate reached 160,000 marks
and in August the 1,000,000 marks per dollar.
In November it fell even further and corresponded to 4,000,000 marks to the dollar.
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Naturally, after all this, the German private and public economy literally fell apart.
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And, as is usually the case in such difficult times, nationalism in German society grew.
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It is a period when fascism is flourishing in Europe.
in Italy Mussolini has already established fascism while Hitler in Germany has created the Nazi Party.
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Under these conditions Nazism in Germany finds incredibly fertile ground, and it is growing spectacularly.
(does all this ring a bell?)
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so on November 8, 1923 Hitler learns that in a large Munich beer hall, the “Löwenbräukeller”,
there would be a gathering of 3,000 businessmen hosted by the Bavarian government.
Hitler realizes that this is his chance, and decides to stage a coup.
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the paramilitary organization of the Nazi party SA, under Hermann Göring, surrounds the brewery.
Hitler with a small armed group bursts in, firing into the air shouting “Silence!”.
He comes up to the speaker's podium and starts telling me that
both the Bavarian and the German government,
have already been overthrown and a provisional revolutionary government has been established.
also occupied by the German army and police.
(all lies)
and invites them to join the new government.
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eventually at gunpoint some are persuaded.
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The next day, November 9, 1923,
Hitler with 3,000 armed men pass through the streets of Munich, but in a square the police forces have blocked them.
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Hitler had foreseen everything except the takeover of the radio networks which had broadcast the news, and so the Berlin government had learned everything and had prepared itself accordingly.
(you see Joseph Goebbels had not yet joined the Nazi party and has not yet had time to analyse the power of information)
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The police order them to surrender.
the Nazis deny.
a brief battle begins in which Chief Gehrig is seriously wounded
while Hitler gets off very cheaply.
his bodyguard and the man next to him both fall dead.
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the brave leader in a panic starts to run backwards.
seeing him, his men, although outnumbered by the police forces, imitate him and the movement is disbanded.
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Hitler takes refuge in a friend's house, but a few days later he is arrested and charged with high treason.
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High treason was punishable by death
however
the court had a lot of Nazi party sympathizers
and convict him of high treason
but
punish him with a five-year sentence (!!!!)
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Meanwhile, his apology becomes, as we would say today, "banal".
from the newspapers and makes him and his party famous all over Germany...
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is the birth certificate of the birth of the beast of Nazism as the whole world knew it 15 years later...
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to remember what you just read...
the judges and the press played the decisive role
and I ask again
REMIND YOU OF ANYTHING?;
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PS. the photo from November 9, 1938 when Hermann Göring
Adolf Hitler
and Alfred Rosenberg (back)
march to pay tribute to the beer coup.
